Determining this comes with experience and can depend on the issue or the court. The prevailing description is that when you keep seeing the same cases over and over again without anything new, you’re done. In general:
Terms & Connectors |
Westlaw |
Lexis |
Bloomberg Law |
Phrase |
“ ” |
“ ” |
“ ” |
Inclusion (both terms) |
AND & |
AND & |
AND |
Alternative (either or both terms) |
OR |
OR |
OR |
Exclusion (but not) |
% |
% |
NOT |
In the same sentence |
/s |
W/s |
S/ |
In the same paragraph |
/p |
W/p |
P/ |
Within n terms of |
/n |
W/n |
N/n |
Ordered proximity |
+s +p +n |
PRE/s PRE/p PRE/n |
NP/x |
Root expander |
! |
! * |
! |
Universal character (wildcard) |
* |
? |
* |
At least n mentions |
atleastn() |
ATLEASTn() |
ATLn() |